Chaeles leopold baillaed



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

oEAELEs LEOPOLD BAILLARD, 0E ROUEN, DEPARTMENT OF THE SEINE- INFERIEURE, FRANCE.

PROCESS OF TREATING MINERAL OILS.

SPEClPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 340,411, dated April 20, 1886,

Application filed December 24, 1885. Serial No. 186,643.

(No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GHARLEs LEOPOLD BAILLARD, a citizen of France, residing at Rouen, in the Department of the SeineInfrieure,have invented new and useful Improvements in Treatment of Mineral Oils, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the treatment of mineral oils, particularly those of the formula GnH,n+2, for the purpose of rendering them analogous to oils of animal and vegetable ori- Herelofore the use of mineral oils has been limited, in consequence of their special constitution and certain defects resulting therefrom, so. that for many purposes use must be made of animal and vegetable oils, notwithstanding their relatively high price. In particular, mineral oils are unsuited to oiling wool, because it isimpossible afterward to remove them, or to the manufacture of soaps, because they will not combine with alkali, or to lubrication, because of their fluidity. I have thought that by oxidating mineral oils,so as to form bodies analogous to ternary oils of animal or vegetable origin, the result will be to render them soluble in alkalies, (soda. potash, ammonia, &c.,') and that consequently they can be mixed with these alkalies. Mineral oil oxidated in this way could be used for oiling wool, for the manufacture of soap, and for lubrication. My process of oxidation for accomplishing these objects is based upon thefact that the oleic acid of distillation or saponification possesses in a high degree the property of yielding to'mineral oils a part of its oxygen, and (a very remarkable thing) that in this connection oleic acid acts the part of a carrier for the oxygen of the air.

My rocess consists in heating to one hnn dred and sixty (160) degrees centigrade a mixture of mineral oils and oleic acid. Animal fats in arancid state act the same part as oleic acid, andso, also, rancid olive-oil, cottonseed oil, linseed-oil, peanutoil, castor-oil, and others. The proportion of oleic acid or rancid oils, or fats varies from five to twenty-five per cent. (5% to 25%) of the weight of the mineral oil. They oxidate the latter in proportion to the quantities introduced. It is advantageous to introduce the mixture into a heater, for mixing the ingredients better together. 'The temperature of one hundred and sixty (160) degrees centigrade has been used with the best results in most cases; but I have obtained with certain oils a complete oxidation at one hundred and forty degrees Centigrade. It is also to be noted that even at lower temperatures the oxidation, commenced but incomplete, continues and is effected by the aid of the oxygen of the air. Fiber can therefore .be oiled with oil treated as before described. even below one hundri-d and forty degrees (140) centigradefhe oxidation continuing in the cold during spinning and weaving.

For wagon-grease or lubricating material mineral oils treated as described can be com bined with soda or potash in quantities suifi cient to make a soft soap. l/Vhen about t\\( to ten per cent.(2% to 10%) in weight of fixer: vegetable 0ilssnch as cotton -seed, castor peanut, olive, sesame, colga, linseed, and 0th ers-is added to mineral oils treated as abow described, the latter become adapted to serv as mordants for dyeing vegetable fiber.

I claim- 1. The process oftreating mineral oils of th general formula CnH,n+2 by oxidating th same, and thereby rendering them analogon to the ternary oils of animal or vegetable or gin, and capableof use in place of the samt substantially as described.

2. The process of oxidating mineral oils b treating the same with oleic acid of distill: tion or saponification, or with rancid oil t fat, substantially as described.

3. The described improvement in the ar employing oils, whereby the necessity of en ploying oils of animal or vegetable origin fr many purposes is avoided, the said improv nient consisting in oxidating mineral oil ar applying the oxidated oil in said industrie substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed th specification in the presence of two subscrl ing witnesses.

CHARLES LEOPOLD BAILLARD.

lVitnesses:

J ULEs T. AYOLLET, '1). (Damon. 

